Vertical sectional boiler.



No. 877,937. PATENTED FEB. 4, 1908.

W. M. MAGKAY.

VERTICAL SBGTIONAL BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED APB.1Z. 1907.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1m: uonws PETERS c0, wAsHlNcnm, 04 c.

No. 877,937. PATENTED FEB. 4, 1908. W. M.- MAGKAY.

VERTICAL SECTIONAL BOILER.

APPLIIOATIC'II FILED APB.12. 1907,

5 SHEETS-SHEET z.

THE NORRIS r-zrsks co., WASHINGTON. o. c.

110.877.937. PATENTED FEB. 4, 1908.

W. M. MAGKAY. I VERTICAL SEGTIONAL BOILER.

PPLICATION FILED A R'- 12, 1907. A P 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

THE NORRIS PETERS cm, WASHINGTON, D c.

N 7'7 937. J PATENTBD FEB. 4 1908.

0 8 W. M. MAOKAY.

VERTICAL SEOTIONAL BOILER.

P I T 0N PIL D PR.1,1907. A PL I E 2 5SHEETS-SHEBT 5.

THE NORRIS FETERS co WASHINGTON, a C

WILLIAM M. MAOKAY, OF- NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

VERTICAL SECTIONAL BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 4, 1908.

Application filed April 12- 1907- Serial No. 367.342

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM M. MAcKAY, a citizen of the United States, residing at 66 James street, Newark, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vertical Sectional Steam and Hotater Boilers, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to that class of steam or hot water boilers in which is employed a series of flat vertical sections having water-legs with intermediate fire-space to form, with suitable grates, a firebox from which the gases are conducted to the smokepipe through passages in or between the sections.

The sections in the present boiler have a transverse hollow bar or crown-tube at the top of the water-legs to form the crown of the firebox, and the top of the section, some distance above the crown-tube, is provided with a water-arch which is connected with the crown-tube by vertical tubes of special construction. These vertical water-tubes are connected, intermediate to their ends, to one another and to the tubes upon the edges of the boiler-section, by transverse connecting tubes of materially less thickness than the thickness of the section, to make free vertical passage for the gases at both sides of those transverse tubes. A rear boiler section and front boiler section of special construction are provided, and the intermediate sections adjacent to the rear section have the crown-tube notched to permit the rising of the gases. The vertical tubes, above the, middle of the crown-tube, are made of less thickness than the thickness of the section; so that lateral smoke-passages are formed between the same above the fire-arch, and two of such tubes are omitted on the front section. The invention is designed to improve the circulation in different parts of the boiler, and particularly to increase the strength of the water-legs where they join the crown-tube of the boiler. part usually contains a large amount of cast metal, and the junction of the slender waterlegs with such a mass is usually weak, and liable to crack when the sections are handled carelessly, or to be cracked by unequal ex pansion of the parts when heated and cooled. To make the junction of the water- In such sections,the upper legs with the crown-tube stronger, and to gradually increase the internal capacity of the water-legs as they approach the crowntube, so as to provide for the expansion of the water as it becomes heated and a free flow of the same to the upper tubes of the section, I slope the water-legs outwardly toward the crowntube, and provide the inner side of each with a hollow rib which increases in width and capacity toward the crowntube. Such hollow rib is preferably united to a hollow rib upon the bottom of the crowntube, both serving to greatly in crease the fire surface, in the most advantageous location in the firebox to transmit the heat of the fuel to the water. By sloping the water-legs outwardly toward the top,

the inner sides of their hollow ribs may be made vertical, so as to stand vertically upon the sides of the firebox.

In the class of cast iron steam and hot water boilers, fiat sections are common and are provided with water-legs and various forms of vertical and transverse tubes, and my present claims are, therefore, for the particular constructions which are herein shown and described.

The invention will be understood by reference to the drawing and the following description, and the claims appended hereto.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the boiler Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is a cross section on line 33 in Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a cross section on line -l-4 in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the front boiler section at the middle of Fig. 16, including the bar below the fire-door; Fig. 6 is a vertical section on line 6-6 in Fig. 8; Fig. 7 is a vertical section at the center line of the rear boiler section; and Fig. 8 is an elevation of the front intermediate sections. Fig. 9 shows the inside of the rear section; Fig. 10 is a cross section on line 1010 in Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a cross section on line 11 11 in Fig. 9; Fig. 12 is a cross section on line 12*12 in Fig. 9; Fig. 13 is a cross section on line l3-13 in Fig. 8; Fig. 14 is a section of the rear intermediate sections justabove the crown-tube; and Fig. 15 is an elevation of one of the front intermediate sections resembling that shown in Fig. 8, but cut off at the level of the grate to rest upon the ash-box, and provided with transverse bosses for push-nipples. Fig. 16 is a front view of the front boiler section.

a designates the water-legs of the firebox,

ness of the section, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, to leavelateral smoke-passages 0 between the sections. Between the tubes 9 and e, smoke-passages f extend through the sections.

h are transverse water connections connecting all of the vertical water-tubes and the side-tubes (Z. These transverse water connections form a water-tube or bar which provides a continuous unobstructed water passage between the side-tubes d.

The w ater-legs a are sloped outwardly from the level of the grate t to the crowntube b, so that their upper ends are more widely separated than the lower ends, and each water-leg is provided upon the inner side with a gradually expanding hollow rib j which is in open communication with the water-leg, as shown in Fig. 13. A similar hollow rib I) is provided upon the under side of the crown-tube and connected w ith the hollows ribs by curves 7c so as to prevent the weakening of the casting by a sharp corner. The hollow ribs j serves to gradually increase the capacity of the w ater-legs from the bottom to the crown-tube, thus ail'ording a free passage for the water which is to be heated and rises in the water-legs; the curves is permitting the water to flow freely into the crown-tube, while the-hollow rib 1) upon the under side of the crown-tube exposes a portion of the water to the greatest heat of the fire in a narrow channel where it receives the heat most effectively. The heating surface of the crown-tube is increased by beveling both edges inwardly to the hollow rib U. This construction for the water-legs and crown-tube forms a very strong junction between the water-legs and the upper part of the section and prevents the breaking or cracking of the sections in transportation, and when expanded or con tracted by heating and cooling.

The water-legs are shown in Fig. provided with the usual sockets Z to receive the pivots m of the rocking-grates A'used with such boilers. (See Fig. 3).

In Fig. 4, the sections are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4L, 5, 6, from the front to the back, the sections 1, 2 and 3 being similar, except in respect to the omission of the tubes (2 in the front section and the addition of a waterbar a which connects the water-legs below the fire-door 8, as shownin Figs. 4, 5 and 16.

The second and third sections are termed the front intermediate sections, and are shown in Figs. 4 and 8. The fourth and fifth sections, termed the rear intermediate sections, are nearly similar to the front intermediate sections, but differ in having the crown-tube formed with notches q, (as shown in Fig. 14), between the water-tubes g, to permit the rising of the smoke above the crown-tubes in the rear half of the firebox.

It will be seen from the above description that a plurality of the rear sections has the crown-tube provided, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4-, with notches q and q for the upward movement of the gases from the firebox; and it w ill also be observed that the lateral smoke passages 0 are provided, as shown in Fig. 3, between the edges of the tubes 9 in a plurality of the front sections, thus permitting the smoke to move laterally from the smoke passages f to reach the smoke passages f in which the smoke passes to the rear of the boiler.

The rear section has, corresponding to the water-legs, outwardly sloping side-tubes a and a crown-tube l), and the parts above such crown-tube similar to the intermediate sections shown in Fig. 8. In this rear section, the crown-tube N forms a continuous unobstructed water passage between the side-tubes (Z and a, the same as in the intermediate sections, and this is also true of the crown-tube b in the front section shown in Fig. 16.

In Fig. 9 at the level of the grate A, the

sloping watertubes a are united by a crosstube 1', and a plate is extended from the cross-tube to the crown-tube b and perfor ated with passages t which connect such crosstube with the crown-tube in a line with the vertical water-tubes e and g. Additionalpassages 8, connect the tubes 5 and 1" between the passages t to promote the circulation.

In all the sections, except the rear section, the spaces between the vertical tubes 0 and g are entirely open to permit the passage of the smoke but in the back section such spaces between the crown-tube and the connecting tubes 72, are closed by water-plates h which connect the crown-tube b with a water-bar h2 at the level of the tubes h in the other sections. (See Figs. 4, 9 and 10).

The crown-tube b has notches g upon its front side between the tubes g and c corresponding to the notches q upon the adjacent sections, permitting the gases to rise close to the water-plates containing the passages s and t, and close to the tubes it, thus bringing the heated gases into close contact with such parts.

The sections are secured together with a front u and a back-plate 1; shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. The front has a cleaning door 7 for access to the space above the crown-tube, and has fire-door 8 opening between the crown-tube and the water-bar n, and ashdoor 9 opening to the space below the grates. The back-plate has smoke-box 10 having collar 11 for the smoke-pipe, and a hinge-damper 12 for closing the openings in the rear section above the connecting tubes it. Such damper is shown held open by a rack-bar 13 with a weight to keep the dam er closed when the rack-bar is released. Rlgid deflecting-plates 14 divide the fire box vertically at opposite sides of the smokecollar 11 for over one-half of its depth, to form diving-flues 18, the damper 12 fitting between the plates 14 and serving to close the passages 15 which extend through the rear section above the connecting-bar h With the sections erected, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the heated gases from the grate are unable to pass above the crowntubes in the'first three sections, but in the sections marked 4, 5 and 6, the notches g, g, permit the gases to rise in the middle portion of the section; and when the damper 12 is open, to pass directly through the passages 15 to the smoke-box and out of the collar 11. When such damper is closed, the gases are driven forwardly through the passages f over the crown-tubes, and the tubes 6 are omitted on the front section, so that the gases pass into the passages f between the tubes 9 and 6 (see Fig. 8). A part of the gases also pass into the passages f through the inner spaces 0, which are formed between the tubes 6 and g of the several sections to bring the heated gases into contact with the front and rear edges of such tubes. The passages f connect with passages 16 through the rear section, which lead into the firebox outside of the deflectors 14, and the gases must thus travel downwardly, as indicated by the arrows at in Fig. 4, to pass through the diving-fines, and below the ends of the deflectors to enter the space 19 which connects with the smoke-collar 11. It should be noticed that the section plane of Fig. 3 passes over the water-bar 72. but under the water-connections it so as to show the notches g, clearly in the plan of Fig. 3. The water connections h do not therefore show in Fig. 3. The damper is shown open in Fig. 4, but closed in Fig. 3. The construction thus permits the gases to pass directly through the notches q, q, to the smoke-pipe, or compels them to travel forwardly over the middle part of the front intermediate sections, and backwardly through the passages f and 16 to the divingflues, so as to bring the heated gases into contact with every portion of the boiler, including the inner and outer sides of the rear section, before they reach the smoke-pipe.

The circulation of the gases through the spaces 0 between the tubes 9 increases the heating surface of the boiler, while the omission of the tubes e from the front section (see Fig. 3) affords ample space for the gases to pass from the passages f to the passages f after moving forwardly.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention what is claimed herein is:

1. In a steam or hot water boiler, the flat Vertical section herein described, having the side-tubes a connected by the crown-tube I), such side-tubes and crown-tubes forming water-legs and a fire-arch for the fire box, the water-legs sloped outwardly toward the crown-tube and having the hollow Water rib j expanded upwardly upon the inner side to increase the cross-sectional area as it approaches the crown-tube, and the section having the transverse watertube c at the top connected with the water-legs and with the crown-tube by vertical water-tubes e and g, substantially as described.

2. In a steam or hot water boiler co1nposed of flat vertical sections, the front section herein described having side-tubes a connected by the crown-tube I), such sidetubes and crown-tube forming water-legs and a fire-arch, the water-legs being sloped outwardly toward the crown-tube, the water-bar n uniting the water-legs below the crown-tube with a door opening between such water-bar and the under side of the crowntube, the vertical water-legs 2) connecting the water-bar n With the crown-tube b at the opposite edges of the door-opening, with space between the water-tubes p and the water-legs a for the insertion of a waterback and pipe-connections thereto, and the boiler sections having the transverse watertube 0 at the top connected with the crowntube 1) by vertical water-tubes g.

3. In a steam or hot water boiler com posed of flat vertical sections, the rear section herein described having the side watertubes a connected by the crowntube, form ing an unobstructed water connection between the side-tubes, and by the top watertube 0 and by the cross-tube 1" connecting the water-legs below the crown-tube, a plate connecting the side-tubes below the crown-tube, and vertical water-tubes e and 9 connecting the top tube 0 with the crown-tube and ex tended by passage t through the plate into connection with the cross-tube r, the vertical water-tubes e and 9 being connected intermediate to their ends to one another and to the side-tubes d by transverse tubes h, such transverse tubes forming an unobstructed water connection between the side-tubes 01 through the vertical-tubes e and g.

4. A steam or hot water boiler composed of flat vertical sections having the waterlegs a to inclose a firebox, the side-tubes of the sections being connected by a crown-tube and a top water-tube c, with vertical watertubes 6 and g connecting the same, the crown-tubes in a plurality of the rear sections having the notches g and q for the upward passage of the gases, the rear section having the Water-legs a connected by a plate with vertical water-passages s and t, and a cross tube 1" connecting such passages below the crown-tube, and the crown-tube connecting with the said passages and forming likewise an unobstructed water-passage between the side-tubes, and a fusible plug inserted in one of the vertical passages upon the side of the plate next the firebox just below the crowntube, to thoroughly drain all of the crowntubes when the plug is'melted.

5. In a steam or hot water boiler composed of fiat vertical sections, a rear section having side water-tubes a connected by a crown-tube and the top water-tube c and by the cross-tube 1 below the crown-tube, a

plate connecting the side-tubes below the crown-tube, and vertical water-tubes connecting the top tube 0 and the crown-tube and extended by passages t through the plate into connection with the cross-tube, and front and intermediate sections having vertical water-tubes 6 adjacent to the side-tubes and having the full thickness of the section, and vertical tubes 9 disposed between the same, of a lesser thickness, to permit the lateral passage of the gases between the sec-- tions.

6. In a steam or hot water boiler composed of fiat vertical sections, a rear section having side water-tubes connected. by a crown-tube, forming a continuous unobstructed water-passage between the sidetubes, a top water-tube c and a cross-tube 1' below the crown-tube, a plate connecting the side-tubes below the crown-tube and vertical water-tubes e and 9 connecting the top-tube c with the crown-tube and extended. by passages 25 through the plate into connection with the cross-tube r, the vertical watertubes e and g being connected intermediate to their ends to one another and to the sidetubes by transverse connecting tubes h forming an unobstructed passage between. the side-tubes, and such connecting tubes h being materially less in thickness than the section, to permit the passage of the gases vertically around such connecting tubes.

7. In a steam or hot water boiler composed of flat vertical sections, a rear section having side water-tubes connected. by a crown-tube, forming a continuous unob structed water passage between the sidetubes, a top water-tube c and a cross-tube 1" below the crown-tube, a plate connecting the side-tubes below the crown-tube, and vertical water-tubes e and 9 connecting the toptube '0 with the crown-tube and extended by passage t through the plate into connection with the cross-tube 1', the vertical watertubes 6 and g being connected intermediate to their ends to one another and to the sidetubes by transverse connecting tubes h forming an unobstructed passage between. the side-tubes, the vertical water-tubes c adjacent to the side-tubes having the full thickness of the section to form a single flue-passage in each side of the section, and the edge of the crown-tube having the notches Q inter mediate to the vertical tubes to permit'the vertical passage of gases between the tubes.

8. In a sectional steam or hot water boiler, the combination of a series of fiat vertical sections having side-tubes connected by a crown-tube furnishing an unobstructed wa ter connection between such side-tubes, and the side-tubes forming water-legs at opposite sides of a firebox, each section having the transverse top tube 0 connected with the crownwtube by vertical water-tubes c and g, the crown-tubes over the front part of the firebox in a plurality of the sections having the full thickness of the section to prevent the passage of the gases between the sections, and the crown-tubes being notched upon at least one edge in a plurality of the remaining rear sections, to permit the vert1- cal passage of the gases.

9. In a sectional steam or hot water boiler, the combination of a series of fiat vertical sections having side-tubes connected by a crown-tube, furnishing an unobstructed water connection between such side-tubes, and the side-tubes forming water-legs at opposite sides of a firebox, each section having the transverse top-tube 0 connected with the crown-tube by vertical water-tubes a and g, the crown-tubes over the front part of the firebox in a lurality of the sections having the full thic ness of the section to prevent the passage of the gases between the sections, and the crown-tubes being notched upon at least one edge in a plurality of the remaining'rear sections to permit the vertical passage of the gases, and the middle vertical tubes 9 over the front sections of the boiler having a little less thickness than the section, to permit the lateral passage of the gases between such sections.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IVILLIAM M. MACKAY. Witnesses:

L. LEE, THOMAS S. CRANE. 

